Abstract Purpose: The present study investigated the correlation between extend aortic cross-clamping time and peripheral nerve injury on rats. Methods: 24 male, Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups; (a) control group: abdomen was directly closed after reached aorta, and followed by 72 hours, (b) short-term ischaemia-reperfusion group: peripheral nerve ischemia was induced in rats by supraceliac aortic occlusion for 20 min followed by 72 h of reperfusion, (c) long-term ischaemia-reperfusion group: peripheral nerve ischemia was induced for 30 min followed by 72 h of reperfusion. Preoperative and postoperative, electromyography (EMG) recordings were done. End of 72 h, the sciatic nerves were harvested from each animal for histopathological and biochemical analysis. Results: The mean compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude of long-term ischaemia-reperfusion group was statically significant reduced when compared to the control group (p <0.01). However, the mean distal latency value of long-term ischaemia-reperfusion group was statically significant increased (p <0.01). On the other hand, there were statically significant differences between the results of malondialdehyde, edema and ischemia fiber degeneration grades on control and long-term ischaemia-reperfusion group (p <0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the extending cross clamping time directly harms the peripheral nerve of rats.